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© 1989 Oxford University Press

research-article

Optimal Replication for Histometric Analyses of Testicular Function in Rats or Rabbits1

W. E. BERNDTSON*, C. NEEFUS{dagger}, R. H. FOOTE{ddagger} and R. P. AMANN§

*Department of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, University of New Hampshire Durham, New Hampshire 03824 {dagger}Office of Biometrics. University of New Hampshire Durham, New Hampshire 03824 {ddagger}Department of Animal Sciences, Cornell University. Ithaca. New York 14853 §Animal Reprodudon Laboratory. Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado 80523

Received January 27, 1988; accepted July 12, 1988

Optimal Replication for Histometric Analyses of Testicular Function in Rats or Rabbits. BERNDTSON, W. E., NEEFUS, C., FOOTE, R. H., AND AMANN, R. P. (1989). Fundam Appl. Toxicol. 12,291-302. Quantitative evaluations of testicular histology can provide sensitive endpoints for determining toxicity of chemicals to the male reproductive system. But, the numbers of observations per testis or number of animals per treatment group often are selected by tradition or availability, rather than from a statistical basis Therefore, we studied the number of observations per male (sampling intensity) and number of animals per treatment (replication) needed to detect treatment effects of given magnitude, with predictable error probabihties, using data from Sprague-Dawley rats and Dutch-belted rabbits that received 0.0, 0.94, 1.88,3.75, 7.5, or 15.0 mg/ kg M y wt of 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP). Data for one testis from 102 rats and 34 rabbits were available. For each testis observations included measurement of the minor diameter of 50 seminiferous tubules, counts of the number of leptotene primary spermatocytes per 250 Sertoli ah and counts of spherical spermatids within 20 seminiferous tubular crm sections Tabular data are presented showing optimal numbers of observations per testis and animals per treatment group as a function of the difference to be detected and selected probabilities for Type I and II errors In general, precise assessments required far fewer observations per testis than are used routinely. However, due to the inherent variability among animals the number of animals required per treatment tended to be greater for experiments with the rabbit, and increased substantially for both species when detection of small differences had to be ensured. The data presented should enable investigators to design experiments of chosen sensitivity and precision while making cost-effective use of animals and labor


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