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© 1989 Oxford University Press

research-article

The Carcinogenic Initiating and Promoting Properties of a Lightly Refined Paraffinic Oil

R. H. MCKEE1, R. T. PLUTNICK and R. T. PRZYGODA

Exxon Biomedical Sciences, Inc., Mettlers Road, CN 2350, East Millstone. New Jersey 08875-2350

Received June 8, 1988; accepted November 1, 1988

The Carcinogenic Initiating and Promoting Properties of a Lightly Refined Paraffinic Oil. MCKEE, R. H., PLUTNICK, R. T., AND PRZYGODA, R. T. (1989). Fundam Appl. Toxicol. 12, 748–756. The dermal carcinogenic potential of some petroleum-derived liquids is related to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content. However, repeated application of middle distillates (MDs), e.g, kerosene, diesel fuel, and heating oil, produced tumors in mouse skin. This result was unexpected since the MDs typically contain very low levels of biologically active PAHs. The present study examined the tumorigenic mechanism of a llghtly refined paraffinic oil (LRPO), an MD shown to be active in mouse skin. The LRPO was separated into saturated and aromatic fractions. Whole LRPO and various fractions wen tested for mutagenic activity in the Salmonella assay and for carcinogenic initiating and promoting activity. Then was noevidence that any of the samples examined were mutagenic in bacteria or carcinogenic initiating agents in mouse skin. Thus no support was provided for the hypothesis that the complete tumorigenic activity of LRPO was in any way related to the presence of low levels of PAHs or to aninteraction between initiating and promoting constituents. Them was evidence that LRPO was a weak promoter of dimethylbenzanthraccne (DMBA)-initiated mouse skin. It was also found that repeated application of LRPO produced chronic irritation and hyperplasia, and this may have been responsible for the promotional effects. Based on these data, it seemed likely that the complete carcinogenic activity of this class of products is also the result of an epigenetic process related to skin irritation.


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