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© 1984 Oxford University Press

research-article

Effects of Inhaled Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI) on Guinea Pig Cholinesterases1

MERYL H. KAROL2,, GAIL A. HANSEN and WILLIAM E. BROWN

Department of Industrial Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261 Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213

Effects of Inhaled Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI) on Guinea Pig Cholinesterases. KAROL, M. H., HANSEN, G. A., AND BROWN, W. E. (1984). Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 4, 284–287. Hexamethylene diisocyanate, HDI, a starting material in the production of many polyurethane products, was found to inhibit stoichiometrically mammalian and electric eel cholinesterases in an in vitro system (W. E. Brown, A. H. Green, M. H. Karol, and Y. Alarie, 1982, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 62, 45–52). The current study examined in vivo effects on guinea pig cholinesterases resulting from inhalation of HDI. Guinea pigs were exposed to atmospheres of 0.5, 1.8, or 4.0 ppm HDI (ceiling value = 0.02 ppm) for up to 6 hr. Blood samples were drawn prior to exposure and at specified times during exposure. No inhibition of serum cholinesterase was detected following exposure to 0.5 ppm HDI for 6 hr, to 1.8 ppm HDI for 2 hr, or to 4.0 ppm HDI for 3 hr. Similarly, no inhibition was detected when erythrocytes from each blood sample were assayed for acetylcholinesterase activity. Last, animals were sacrificed and cholinesterase activity determined in bronchial lavage fluid. Enzyme levels of HDI-exposed animals were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from those of control animals exposed to water vapor. In conclusion, although in vitro experiments had demonstrated potent anticholinesterase activity by HDI, in vivo inhalation exposure of guinea pigs to HDI at concentrations 25–200 times above the recommended (ACGIH) ceiling value did not produce measurable inhibition of cholinesterase activity.


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