Toxicological Sciences, Vol 52, 61-67, Copyright © 1999 by Society of Toxicology
SE Ullrich
Chronic exposure to JP-8 jet fuel induces lung toxicity, adverse
neurological effects and some liver and kidney dysfunction. In addition,
inhalation of JP-8 induces immune suppression. Besides the lung, the other
major route of JP-8 exposure is via the skin. In this study we tested the
hypothesis that dermal exposure to JP-8 is immune suppressive. JP-8 was
applied to the skin of adult female C3H/HeN mice and various immune
parameters were examined. Dermal exposure to JP-8, either multiple small
exposures (50 microl for 5 days) or a single large dose (250-300 microl)
resulted in immune suppression. The induction of contact hypersensitivity
was impaired in a dose-dependent manner regardless of whether the contact
allergen was applied directly to the JP-8-treated skin or at a distant
un-treated site. In addition, the generation of a classic delayed-type
hypersensitivity reaction to a bacterial antigen (Borellia burgdorferi)
injected into the subcutaneous space was suppressed by dermal application
of JP-8 at a distant site. The ability of splenic T lymphocytes from
JP-8-treated mice to proliferate in response to plate-bound monoclonal
anti-CD3 was also significantly suppressed. Interleukin-10, a cytokine with
potent immune suppressive activity, was found in the serum of JP-8-treated
mice, suggesting that the mechanism of systemic immune suppression may
involve the upregulation of cytokine release by JP-8. These findings
confirm the immunosuppressive effects of JP-8 and demonstrate that dermal
exposure to JP-8 is immunotoxic.
ARTICLES
Dermal application of JP-8 jet fuel induces immune suppression
Department of Immunology-178, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030-4095, USA. sullrich@notes.mdacc.tmc.edu
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