Toxicological Sciences, Vol 52, 101-106, Copyright © 1999 by Society of Toxicology
JE Klaunig and LM Kamendulis
Studies in our laboratory have concentrated on further understanding the
mechanism by which chemicals induce cancer and the means to prevent or
retard this process. Recent investigations have revolved around the role of
oxidative stress and oxidative damage in the induction of cancer by
nongenotoxic carcinogens. Hepatocarcinogenic compounds including selective
chlorinated hydrocarbons appeared to induce oxidative stress in the liver.
This oxidative stress and oxidative damage in turn may be responsible for
the tumor-promoting activity of these compounds. Reduction of oxidative
damage by antioxidants, or dietary-restriction, results in an ablation of
the induction of selective cell growth by these agents. The oxidative
stress induced by nongenotoxic agents may influence cell proliferation
and/or apoptosis in the preneoplastic cells. Our studies with nongenotoxic
hepatic carcinogens showed a dose-dependent increase in oxidative stress
and an increase in hepatic focal lesion growth. Antioxidant dietary
supplementation or caloric restriction prevented the lesion growth. This
appeared to be through an increase in apoptosis in the hepatic lesions.
ARTICLES
Mechanisms of cancer chemoprevention in hepatic carcinogenesis: modulation of focal lesion growth in mice
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202, USA. jklauni@iupui.edu
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