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Toxicological Sciences 56, 37-48 (2000)
Copyright © 2000 by the Society of Toxicology

Bioavailability of the Genotoxic Components in Coal Tar Contaminated Soils in Fischer 344 Rats

Nancy R. Bordelon*,1, Kirby C. Donnelly*, Leon C. King{dagger}, Douglas C. Wolf{dagger}, William R. Reeves* and S. Elizabeth George{dagger}

* Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; and {dagger} Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711

The effect of chemical aging on the bioavailability and subsequent genotoxicity of coal tar (CT)-contaminated soils was evaluated in a 17-day feeding study using Fischer 344 male rats. Rats consumed a control diet or diets amended with soil, 0.35% CT, or soil freshly prepared or aged for 9 months with 0.35% CT. Mild treatment-related microscopic lesions in liver tissue and elevated enzyme levels in serum were detected in all CT treatment groups. The 32P-postlabeling assay was employed to determine DNA adduct formation in treated animals. All CT treatment groups induced DNA adducts in both the liver and lung. Adduct levels were 3-fold higher in lung DNA compared to hepatic DNA. After correcting adduct levels for total ingested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in adduct levels was observed in both CT/soil treatment groups compared to CT control in liver and lung DNA. Adduct profiles of 32P-postlabeled hepatic and lung DNA displayed several nonpolar DNA adducts that comigrated with PAH-adducted calf thymus DNA standards as determined through both thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). These results suggest that soil, but not aging of contaminants in soil, decreases the bioavailability of genotoxic components in CT, as evidenced by DNA adduct analysis.

Key Words: bioavailability; 32P-postlabeling; coal tar; DNA adducts; genotoxicity; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; soil ingestion; coal tar; contaminated soil.


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