Skip Navigation


ToxSci Advance Access originally published online on May 5, 2004
This Article
Right arrow Full Text Freely available
Right arrow FREE Full Text (PDF) Freely available
Right arrow All Versions of this Article:
80/2/225    most recent
kfh159v1
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Search for citing articles in:
ISI Web of Science (10)
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Disclaimer
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Cohen, S. M.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Cohen, S. M.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

Toxicological Sciences 80, 225-229 (2004)
Toxicological Sciences vol. 80 no. 2 © Society of Toxicology 2004; all rights reserved.

Human Carcinogenic Risk Evaluation: An Alternative Approach to the Two-Year Rodent Bioassay

Samuel M. Cohen1

Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983135 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3135

Received March 29, 2004; accepted April 21, 2004

An approach to the evaluation of carcinogenic risk resulting from exposure to a given chemical is presented in place of a reliance on two-year rodent bioassays. An emphasis is placed on evaluation of the potential DNA reactivity or increased cell proliferation that can be produced by a chemical. The special cases of immunosuppressive and estrogenic chemicals are considered. These evaluations are proposed to involve a combination of in vitro assays, computerized models, and short-term (up to 13 weeks) bioassays in rodents. The emphasis is on mechanistic understanding and evaluation of the dose response and relevance to humans.

Key Words: mechanism; DNA reactive; non-genotoxic; estrogen; immunosuppressive; cell proliferation.


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Toxicol SciHome page
M. R. Fielden, R. Brennan, and J. Gollub
A Gene Expression Biomarker Provides Early Prediction and Mechanistic Assessment of Hepatic Tumor Induction by Nongenotoxic Chemicals
Toxicol. Sci., September 1, 2007; 99(1): 90 - 100.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Toxicol SciHome page
A. Jacobs
Prediction of 2-Year Carcinogenicity Study Results for Pharmaceutical Products: How Are We Doing?
Toxicol. Sci., November 1, 2005; 88(1): 18 - 23.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Toxicol SciHome page
J. R. Bucher and C. Portier
Human Carcinogenic Risk Evaluation, Part V: The National Toxicology Program Vision for Assessing the Human Carcinogenic Hazard of Chemicals
Toxicol. Sci., December 1, 2004; 82(2): 363 - 366.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Disclaimer:
Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.