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ToxSci Advance Access originally published online on November 25, 2008
Toxicological Sciences 2009 108(2):452-461; doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfn246
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

HIGHLIGHTED ARTICLE

Subchronic Inhalation Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles

Jae Hyuck Sung*,{dagger}, Jun Ho Ji{ddagger}, Jung Duck Park§, Jin Uk Yoon, Dae Sung Kim, Ki Soo Jeon||, Moon Yong Song*, Jayoung Jeong|||, Beom Seok Han|||, Jeong Hee Han||||, Yong Hyun Chung||||, Hee Kyung Chang**, Ji Hyun Lee*, Myung Haing Cho{dagger}, Bruce J. Kelman{dagger}{dagger} and Il Je Yu*,1

* Korea Environment & Merchandise Testing Institute, Incheon, Korea {dagger} College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea {ddagger} Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd, Suwon, Korea § College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea HCT Co. Icheon, Korea || College of Engineering, HanYang University, Seoul, Korea ||| National Institute of Toxicological Research, Seoul, Korea |||| Center for Occupational Toxicology, KOSHA, Daejeon, Korea ** College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, Korea {dagger}{dagger} Veritox, Inc., Seattle, Washington

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed at KEMTI, 7-44 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Korea. E-mail: u1670916{at}chollian.net.

Received September 29, 2008; accepted November 17, 2008


  Abstract

The subchronic inhalation toxicity of silver nanoparticles was studied in Sprague-Dawley rats. Eight-week-old rats, weighing approximately 253.2 g (males) and 162.6 g (females), were divided into four groups (10 rats in each group): fresh-air control, low dose (0.6 x 106 particle/cm3, 49 µg/m3), middle dose (1.4 x 106 particle/cm3, 133 µg/m3), and high dose (3.0 x 106 particle/cm3, 515 µg/m3). The animals were exposed to silver nanoparticles (average diameter 18–19 nm) for 6 h/day, 5 days/week, for 13 weeks in a whole-body inhalation chamber. In addition to mortality and clinical observations, body weight, food consumption, and pulmonary function tests were recorded weekly. At the end of the study, the rats were subjected to a full necropsy, blood samples were collected for hematology and clinical chemistry tests, and the organ weights were measured. Bile-duct hyperplasia in the liver increased dose dependently in both the male and female rats. Histopathological examinations indicated dose-dependent increases in lesions related to silver nanoparticle exposure, including mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate, chronic alveolar inflammation, and small granulomatous lesions. Target organs for silver nanoparticles were considered to be the lungs and liver in the male and female rats. No observable adverse effect level of 100 µg/m3 is suggested from the experiments.

Key Words: lung; nanoparticles.


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