ToxSci Advance Access originally published online on April 16, 2009
Toxicological Sciences 2009 110(1):1-3; doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfp078
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Nitric Oxide Synthase: "Enzyme Zero" in Air Pollution–Induced Vascular Toxicity
Director of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Physiology, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr, SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108
Received March 24, 2009; accepted March 30, 2009
| The first 10% of the full text of this article appears below. |
Endothelial cells, which line the blood vessels throughout the body, might be considered to be THE proximal organ system for any circulating toxicant. The endothelium is crucially dependent on the proper function of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) pathway. Nitric oxide (NO) signals numerous cellular activities in an autocrine and paracrine manner, though the most commonly studied role for endothelial-derived NO involves relaxation of vascular smooth muscle and vasodilation. Indeed, Viagra would not be so popular if it were not for impaired function of endothelial NOS (eNOS). In the present issue of Toxicological Sciences, Nurkiewicz and colleagues communicate seminal findings that inhaled particles reduce the vascular bioavailability of NO, providing a crucial clue to understanding the link between inhaled toxicants and cardiovascular disease.
Despite its essential role in vascular physiology, eNOS appears to be