ToxSci Advance Access originally published online on April 25, 2008
Toxicological Sciences 2008 104(1):1-3; doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfn075
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Beam Me Up Scotty: Incorporating Transporters in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling
Department of Discovery Toxicology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Route 206, Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543
For correspondence via e-mail: lois.lehman-mckeeman@bms.com. Fax: 609-252-7046
Received April 7, 2008; accepted April 8, 2008
| The first 10% of the full text of this article appears below. |
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are important tools in toxicology that facilitate simulation of exposure-dose response relationships and contribute to extrapolating toxic exposures across species to inform or improve human risk assessment. Developing an accurate predictive model requires the integration of mathematics with biological processes, and a recent workshop noted that successful model development requires a multi-disciplinary team including modelers, statisticians, applied mathematicians, toxicologists, and risk assessors engaged in all aspects of evaluation and implementation (Barton et al., 2007
). Extending the application of these models to the evaluation of biologic effects is also an important avenue of research. In general, however, pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships are more routinely determined for agents that produce a desired efficacy rather than an untoward effect. In the present issue of Toxicological Sciences, Lohitnavy et al. (2008) report the development of a PK/PD model