ToxSci Advance Access originally published online on January 23, 2009
Toxicological Sciences 2009 108(1):1-3; doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfp013
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
The Use of Nasal Dosimetry Models in the Risk Assessment of Inhaled Gases
The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed at The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, 6 Davis Drive, P.O. Box 12137, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2137. Fax: (919) 558-1300. E-mail: jschroeter@thehamner.org.
Received January 16, 2009; accepted January 16, 2009
| The first 10% of the full text of this article appears below. |
Nasal dosimetry models, including physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, and hybrid CFD-PBPK models, have played a prominent role in inhalation toxicology and the risk assessment of inhaled gases. Although different in their approach, their goals are similar: to accurately describe tissue dosimetry of inhaled gases in an anatomically accurate representation of the complex nasal geometry. These models have been useful in elucidating dose-response behavior and enabling interspecies extrapolation of regional dose that may differ between laboratory animals and humans. This issue of Toxicological Sciences includes an insightful paper by Morris and Hubbs (2009)
on the use of a hybrid CFD-PBPK model to describe inhalation dosimetry of two components of butter flavoring vapors: diacetyl and butyric acid. These investigators used in vitro studies of diacetyl metabolism, nasal uptake data of inhaled diacetyl in rats, and pathology data from an in vivo study to correlate