Skip Navigation

This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Disclaimer
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by KENNAH, H. E.
Right arrow Articles by BARROW, C. S.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow Articles by KENNAH, H. E., II
Right arrow Articles by BARROW, C. S.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

© 1989 Oxford University Press

research-article

A Critical Evaluation of Predicting Ocular lrritancy Potential from an in Vitro Cytotoxicity Assay1

H. E. KENNAH, II, D. ALBULESCU, S. HIGNET and C. S. BARROW

Department of Toxicology. PPG Industries, lnc., Environmental Sciences Center. 260 Kappa Drive. Pittsburgh. Pennsylvania 15238

Received January 20, 1988; accepted July 20, 1988

A Critical Evaluation of Predicting Ocular Irritancy Potential from an in Vitro Cytotoxicity Assay. KENNAH, H. E., II, ALBULESCU, D., HIGNET, S., AND BARROW. C. S. (1989) Fundam Appl. Toxicol 12,281-290. Numerous in vitro cytotoxicity assays have been proposed as potential alternatives to the Draize eye irritancy test. The results reported, based upon the rank correlation of ocular irritancy with cytotoxicity, have been encouraging. However. direct calibration of in vivo to in vitro data utilizing several categories of chemicals has not been reported. This study evaluated the use of in vitro cytotoxicity data for predicting the ocular irritancy potential of 24 chemicals(six surfactants, seven alcohols four ketones, four acetates and three aromatics). BALB/c 3T3 cells were grown overnight, then exposed for 30 min to at least four different concentrations of each chemical (expressed as volume percentage). Linear regression analysis of the log concentration versus percentage of control growth was used to calculate the concentration of toxicant that inhibited the normal growth rate by 50% (G150). The rank ordering of cytotoxicity based upon the GI50s was surfactants > aromatics > alcohols > ketones or acetates. The larger molecular weight representative of each senes (i.e., 2-ethyl-I-hexanol for alcohols) had lower GI50 values than those of the lower molecular weight substances. The GI50 values were then directly calibrated against in vivo ocular irritancy quantitated as percentage corneal swelling following exposure of rabbits to the same test chemicals. A significant linear correlation between cytotoxicity and ocular irritancy was established only for surfactants and alcohols. For acetates, ketones, and aromatics there was little correlation. The overall poor correlation between cytotoxicity and ocular irritancy was attributed to differences in mechanisms of irritancy. The lack of correlation illustrates that in vitro cytotoxicity data cannot be used to predict the ocular irritancy potential of a broad spectrum of chemicals.


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?




Disclaimer:
Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.