Skip Navigation

This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Disclaimer
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by MORGAN, K. T.
Right arrow Articles by GROSS, E. A.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow Articles by MORGAN, K. T.
Right arrow Articles by GROSS, E. A.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

© 1984 Oxford University Press

research-article

Frog Palate Mucociliary Apparatus: Structure, Function, and Response to Formaldehyde Gas

KEVIN T. MORGAN1, DANIEL L. PATTERSON and ELIZABETH A. GROSS

Department of Pathology, Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology P.O. Box 12137, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709

Frog Palate Mucociliary Apparatus: Structure, Function, and Response to Formaldehyde Gas. MORGAN, K. T., PATTERSON, D. L., AND GROSS, E. A. (1984). Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 4, 58–68. The upper respiratory tract mucociliary apparatus represents one of the first defenses against inhaled noxious materials. The frog palate has been widely used as a model to investigate the mode of action of this apparatus and to study its response to irritant gases. Video analysis was used here for the determination of mucus flow rate and flow patterns, ciliary beat frequency, and the nature of ciliary activity in the in vitro frog palate preparation. The results of studies of time-lapse video recordings were used in conjunction with light microscopic and ultrastructural morphologic investigations to determine functional interactions between cilia, the epiphase, and the periciliary fluid. It was concluded that the cilia enter the epiphase during the effector stroke, that waves may be produced on the under surface of this layer, and that the periciliary fluid is less viscous than, and moves in the same direction as, the epiphase. The response of the frog palate mucociliary apparatus to formaldehyde gas was also studied using an in vitro exposure system. There were distinct concentration-related responses to formaldehyde with initial stimulation, and at higher concentrations, subsequent inhibition of mucociliary function. Stimulation of mucus flow rate was due to increased ciliary activity, while inhibition of flow, which preceded ciliastasis, was attributed to direct effect of formaldehyde on the superficial mucus layer. Ciliastasis on the other hand was considered to provide evidence that the formaldehyde had penetrated the mucus layer and induced direct toxic effects on the underlying epithelial cells.


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?




Disclaimer:
Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.