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© 1998 Oxford University Press
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Sensitive Quantitation of Chromium-DNA Adducts by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry with a Direct Injection High-Efficiency Nebulizer
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*Department of Pharmacology, The George Washington University Washington, DC 20052
Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University Washington, DC 20052
Received January 16, 1998; accepted May 29, 1998
A novel method is described for the sensitive detection of chromium-DNA adducts. Chromium-DNA adducts were determined in 1 µg of DNA from normal human lung fibroblasts exposed to sodium chromate using microscale flow injection analysis with a direct injection high-efficiency nebulizer and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry detection. The frequency of Cr-DNA adducts increased in a dose-dependent sigmoidal manner, indicating saturation and toxicity. The low detection limits (on the order of parts per trillion) allows the detection of as few as two Cr adducts per 10,000 bases, which, coupled with the small DNA sample requirement, makes this technique suitable for measuring metal-DNA adducts as biomarkers of exposure to toxic and carcinogenic metals such as Cr, in cultured cells, animals, and humans.
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