Toxicological Sciences 54, 277-283 (2000)
Copyright © 2000 by the Society of Toxicology
The Principles and Practice of Toxicogenomics: Applications and Opportunities
* AstraZeneca, Central Toxicology Laboratory and
Pharmaceuticals: Safety Assessment, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TJ, United Kingdom
Received September 8, 1999; accepted December 1, 1999
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INTRODUCTION |
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The last decade has seen major developments in large-scale genome sequencing and in the development of technical platforms to support this. Several genomes, such as yeast (DeRisi et al., 1997
), have now been completely sequenced and the sequencing of the entire human genome is anticipated to be completed early in this decade, as a result of major effort in both the academic and industrial sectors. The availability of both the sequence information for many thousands of genes and, in many cases, physical clones of the coding regions of these genes, has allowed the construction of gene microarrays that enable quantitative measurement of the transcriptional activity of potentially tens of thousands of genes in biological samples (Schena et al., 1995). Microarray technology promises to revolutionize investigative biology (Khan et al., 1999), including drug discovery (Marton et al., 1998). Application of genomics to toxicology, Microarray Technology Platforms
Possibilities and Caveats
Toxicogenomics Applications
Custom Toxicology Microarray Construction: ToxBlot
Endocrine Disruption
Hepatocyte Toxicity
Bone Marrow Toxicity of Insulin-Sensitizing Compounds
Future Issues and Opportunities: A Perspective
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NOTES |
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REFERENCES |
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