Toxicological Sciences 67, 295-302 (2002)
Copyright © 2002 by the Society of Toxicology
RESPIRATORY TOXICOLOGY |
Quantitative Image Analysis of Drug-Induced Lung Fibrosis Using Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy
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* Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center of West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506;
Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
Pulmonary fibrosis is a serious lung disorder that in certain cases may be difficult to quantify. It was our objective to evaluate the use of laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) in quantifying fibrosis after exposure to amiodarone (AD) and bleomycin (BLM), two commonly used therapeutic drugs known to cause debilitating lung fibrosis in humans. Male F344 rats were intratracheally dosed with AD (6.25 mg/kg on days 0 and 2), BLM (0.25 and 1.0 mg/kg on day 0), or their respective vehicle controls. The right lung was assayed for hydroxyproline, a biochemical measure of collagen, at day 21 for the BLM groups and day 28 for the AD groups. The left lung was fixed, sectioned into blocks, dehydrated, stained with Lucifer yellow (LY, 0.1 mg/ml), and embedded in Spurr resin. The area of lung tissue stained by LY was quantified by LSCM. A fibrotic response in the AD and BLM groups was confirmed by histopathological assessment and a significant increase (p < 0.05) in total right lung hydroxyproline above control values. The area of connective tissue stained by LY of the two drug-treated groups appeared as bright linear bands in the alveolar septae and was significantly increased (p < 0.05) as measured by image analysis when compared with their respective controls. LSCM, with its advanced image analysis system, is an alternate method to quantify fibrotic lung disease. LSCM could be particularly useful when tissue quantity is limited, such as when tissue has been archived from previous studies, or when analyzing human lung biopsy samples for disease diagnosis, where biochemical analysis is difficult.
Key Words: amiodarone; bleomycin; fibrosis; laser scanning confocal microscopy; Lucifer yellow; three-dimensional reconstruction.
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