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Toxicological Sciences 71, 96-103 (2003)
Copyright © 2003 by the Society of Toxicology

REPRODUCTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICOLOGY

Exposure to 1-Bromopropane Causes Ovarian Dysfunction in Rats

Tetsuya Yamada*,1, Gaku Ichihara*, Hailan Wang*, Xiaozhong Yu*,2, Kei-ichiro Maeda{dagger}, Hiroko Tsukamura{dagger}, Michihiro Kamijima*, Tamie Nakajima* and Yasuhiro Takeuchi*,3

* Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; and {dagger} Department of Biological Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan

Although 1-bromopropane has been used in chemical and electronic industries as an alternative to ozone layer-depleting solvents, its toxicity on female reproductive organs has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of 1-bromopropane on female reproductive function in rats. Forty female Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups. Each group was exposed daily to 0, 200, 400, or 800 ppm of 1-bromopropane for eight h a day. After exposure for 7 weeks, all rats in the 800-ppm group became seriously ill and were sacrificed during the 8th week. The other dose groups were exposed for 12 weeks. In the 800-ppm group, but not in the other two exposed groups, body weight was significantly less than the control at each time point from 2 to7 weeks after the beginning of exposure. Tests of vaginal smears showed a significant increase in the number of irregular estrous cycles with extended diestrus in the 400- and 800-ppm groups. Histopathological examination of the ovary showed a significant dose-dependent reduction of the number of normal antral follicles and a decrease in the number of normal growing follicles in the 400-ppm group. No significant change was found in plasma concentrations of LH or FSH in any group when compared with the control. Our results indicate that 1-bromopropane can induce a dose-dependent ovarian dysfunction in nonpregnant female rats associated with disruption in follicular growth process.

Key Words: 1-bromopropane; chlorofluorocarbon alternative; reproductive toxicity; female; estrous cycle; ovary; ovarian follicle; inhalation exposure; rat.


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