ToxSci Advance Access originally published online on May 28, 2003
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Toxicological Sciences 74, 287-296 (2003)
Copyright © 2003 by the Society of Toxicology
CARCINOGENICITY |
Carcinogenicity of Inhaled Vanadium Pentoxide in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice
,1
* National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; and
Battelle Toxicology Northwest, Richland, Washington 99352
Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) is a slightly soluble compound found in airborne particle emissions from metallurgical works and oil and coal burning. Because the carcinogenic potential of V2O5 was not known, F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice (N = 50/sex/species) were exposed to V205at concentrations of 0, 0.5 (rats only), 1, 2, or 4 (mice only) mg/m3, by whole-body inhalation for 2 years. The survival and body weights of rats were minimally affected by exposure to V2O5. The survival and body weights of male mice exposed to 4 mg/m3and body weights of all exposed groups of female mice were lower than the controls. Alveolar/bronchiolar (A/B) neoplasms occurred in male rats exposed to 0.5 and 2 mg/m3 at incidences exceeding the National Toxicology Program (NTP) historical control ranges. A marginal increase in A/B neoplasms was also observed in female rats exposed to 0.5 mg/m3. Increases in chronic inflammation, interstitial fibrosis, and alveolar and bronchiolar hyperplasia/metaplasia and squamous metaplasia were observed in exposed male and female rats. A/B neoplasms were significantly increased in all groups of exposed mice. As with rats, increases in chronic inflammation, interstitial fibrosis, and alveolar and bronchiolar epithelial hyperplasia were observed in mice exposed to V205. Thus, V205 exposure was a pulmonary carcinogen in male rats and male and female mice. The marginal tumor response in the lungs of female rats could not be attributed conclusively to exposure to V205. These responses were noted at and slightly above the OSHA permissible occupational exposure limit of 0.5 mg/m3 (dust) (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, 1997, p. 328).
Key Words: carcinoma; adenoma; soluble particles; lung; vanadium pentoxide; vanadium; reactive-oil-fly-ash (ROFA); inflammation; fibrosis; boilermaker’s bronchitis.
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