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ToxSci Advance Access originally published online on January 19, 2005
Toxicological Sciences 2005 84(2):301-307; doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfi086
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Toxicological Sciences vol. 84 no. 2 © The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org

Mycotoxin Fumonisin B1 Alters the Cytokine Profile and Decreases the Vaccinal Antibody Titer in Pigs

Ionelia Taranu*,{dagger}, Daniela E. Marin*,{dagger}, Sandrine Bouhet*, Florentina Pascale{ddagger}, Jean-Denis Bailly§, J. David Miller, Philippe Pinton* and Isabelle P. Oswald*,1

* Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, UR 66, National Institute of Agronomic Research INRA, Toulouse, France; {dagger} IBNA, Institute of Biology and Animal Nutrition, Balotesti, Romania; {ddagger} Pasteur Institute, Bucarest, Romania; § Department of Mycotoxicology, Veterinary School of Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada

Received October 19, 2004; accepted January 4, 2005

Fumonisin B1 (FB1), a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium verticillioides, may contaminate feed and food. In the present study, we investigated the effect of FB1 on the modulation of the cytokine profile and on the establishment of a vaccinal antibody response. In vitro investigations on pig peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) indicate that FB1 decreased interleukin-4 (IL-4) and increased interferon-gamma (IFN-{gamma}) synthesis at both the protein and mRNA levels. A short in vivo exposure (7 days) of weanling piglets to 1.5 mg/kg body weight of purified FB1 altered the cytokine balance in mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen similarly to the in vitro PBMC results. We also investigated the effect of FB1 on the antibody response during a vaccination process. A prolonged in vivo exposure (28 days) of weanling piglets to feed contaminated with 8 mg FB1/kg significantly decreased the expression of IL-4 mRNA by porcine whole blood cells and diminished the specific antibody titer after vaccination against Mycoplasma agalactiae. By contrast, ingestion of the contaminated feed had no effect on the serum concentration of the immunoglobulin subset (IgG, IgA, and IgM). Taken together, our data suggest that FB1 alters the cytokine profile and decreases the specific antibody response built during a vaccination protocol. These results may have implications for humans or animals eating contaminated food or feed.

Key Words: fumonisin B1; PBMC; swine; cytokine; Th1/Th2; specific antibody; immunoglobulin.


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