Skip Navigation


ToxSci Advance Access originally published online on September 8, 2005
Toxicological Sciences 2005 88(2):456-466; doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfi314
This Article
Right arrow Full Text Freely available
Right arrow FREE Full Text (PDF) Freely available
Right arrow All Versions of this Article:
88/2/456    most recent
kfi314v1
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Search for citing articles in:
ISI Web of Science (9)
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Disclaimer
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Boadas-Vaello, P.
Right arrow Articles by Llorens, J.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Boadas-Vaello, P.
Right arrow Articles by Llorens, J.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org

Behavioral and Pathological Effects in the Rat Define Two Groups of Neurotoxic Nitriles

Pere Boadas-Vaello, Judith Riera and Jordi Llorens1

Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain

Received July 21, 2005; accepted September 1, 2005

Adult male Long-Evans rats (250–350 g) received control vehicles, 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN, 400 mg kg–1 day–1), allylnitrile (50 mg kg–1 day–1), cis-crotononitrile (110 mg kg–1 day–1), trans-crotononitrile (250 mg kg–1 day–1), or 2,4-hexadienenitrile (300 mg kg–1 day–1), i.p., for 3 consecutive days. Rats treated with IDPN, allylnitrile, and cis-crotononitrile developed the ECC (excitation with circling and choreiform movements) syndrome, whereas those treated with trans-crotononitrile and hexadienenitrile exhibited a different syndrome, characterized by faltering movements. On quantitative analysis, IDPN, allylnitrile, and cis-crotononitrile induced high scores in a test battery for vestibular dysfunction and hyperactivity in the open field, but they did not significantly decrease stride length. Hexadienenitrile and trans-crotononitrile did not increase the vestibular scores or the locomotor activity, but they caused a marked decrease in stride length; they also decreased holding time on a vertical ladder. In brain and spinal cord tissue from rats exposed to IDPN, allylnitrile, or cis-crotononitrile, Fluoro-Jade B, a selective stain for degenerating neurons, did not reveal any labeling other than that of nerve terminals in the glomeruli of the olfactory bulbs, indicating degeneration of the olfactory mucosa. With the same stain, rats exposed to trans-crotononitrile or hexadienenitrile showed a common pattern of selective neurotoxicity; major targets were the inferior olive and the piriform cortex. Hexadienenitrile did not cause hair cell degeneration in the vestibular and auditory sensory epithelia. Present and previous data indicate that neurotoxic nitriles induce one or the other of two different motor syndromes, through either vestibular hair cell degeneration or neuronal degeneration of the inferior olive.

Key Words: iminodipropionitrile; allylnitrile; crotononitrile; hexadienenitrile; vestibular hair cells; inferior olive; motor behavior.


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Toxicol SciHome page
J. Llorens, C. Soler-Martin, B. Cutillas, and S. Saldana-Ruiz
Nervous and Vestibular Toxicities of Acrylonitrile and Iminodipropionitrile
Toxicol. Sci., July 1, 2009; 110(1): 244 - 245.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Toxicol SciHome page
P. Boadas-Vaello, E. Jover, S. Saldana-Ruiz, C. Soler-Martin, C. Chabbert, J. M. Bayona, and J. Llorens
Allylnitrile Metabolism by CYP2E1 and Other CYPs Leads to Distinct Lethal and Vestibulotoxic Effects in the Mouse
Toxicol. Sci., February 1, 2009; 107(2): 461 - 472.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
A. Brugeaud, C. Travo, D. Dememes, M. Lenoir, J. Llorens, J.-L. Puel, and C. Chabbert
Control of Hair Cell Excitability by Vestibular Primary Sensory Neurons
J. Neurosci., March 28, 2007; 27(13): 3503 - 3511.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Hum Exp ToxicolHome page
L Rongzhu, W Suhua, X Guangwei, H Fangan, C Ziqiang, J Fusheng, and S Kacew
Neurobehavioral alterations in rats exposed to acrylonitrile in drinking water
Human and Experimental Toxicology, March 1, 2007; 26(3): 179 - 184.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Toxicol SciHome page
C. Soler-Martin, N. Diez-Padrisa, P. Boadas-Vaello, and J. Llorens
Behavioral Disturbances and Hair Cell Loss in the Inner Ear Following Nitrile Exposure in Mice, Guinea Pigs, and Frogs
Toxicol. Sci., March 1, 2007; 96(1): 123 - 132.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Toxicol PatholHome page
A. M. Jeffrey, M. J. Iatropoulos, and G. M. Williams
Nasal Cytotoxic and Carcinogenic Activities of Systemically Distributed Organic Chemicals
Toxicol Pathol, December 1, 2006; 34(7): 827 - 852.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Disclaimer: Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.