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ToxSci Advance Access originally published online on October 12, 2005
Toxicological Sciences 2006 89(1):271-277; doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfj020
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Published by Oxford University Press 2005.

Relative Potencies for Acute Effects of Pyrethroids on Motor Function in Rats

M. J. Wolansky*, C. Gennings{dagger} and K. M. Crofton{ddagger},1

* National Research Council, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711; {dagger} Solveritas, LLC, Virginia Bio-Technology Research Park, Richmond VA 23219; and {ddagger} Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711

Received July 18, 2005; accepted October 7, 2005

The prevalence of pyrethroids in insecticide formulations has increased in the last decade. A common mode-of-action has been proposed for pyrethroids based on in vitro studies, which includes alterations in sodium channel dynamics in nervous system tissues, consequent disturbance of membrane polarization, and abnormal discharge in targeted neurons. The objective of this work was to characterize individual dose-response curves for in vivo motor function and calculate relative potencies for eleven commonly used pyrethroids. Acute oral dose-response functions were determined in adult male Long Evans rats for five Type I (bifenthrin, S-bioallethrin, permethrin, resmethrin, tefluthrin), five Type II (ß-cyfluthrin, {lambda}-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate) and one mixed Type I/II (fenpropathrin) pyrethroids (n = 8–18 per dose; 6–11 dose levels per chemical, vehicle = corn oil, at 1 ml/kg). Motor function was measured using figure-8 mazes. Animals were tested for 1 h during the period of peak effects. All pyrethroids, regardless of structural class, produced dose-dependent decreases in motor activity. Relative potencies were calculated based on the computed ED30s. Deltamethrin, with an ED30 of 2.51 mg/kg, was chosen as the index chemical. Relative potency ratios ranged from 0.009 (resmethrin) to 2.092 (esfenvalerate). Additional work with environmentally-based mixtures is needed to test the hypothesis of dose-additivity of pyrethroids.

Key Words: pyrethroids; motor function, relative potency.


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