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ToxSci Advance Access published online on February 18, 2003
Toxicological Sciences, doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfg015
Toxicological Sciences © Society of Toxicology 2003; all rights reserved
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Received September 16, 2002; accepted December 11, 2002
© 2003 Society of Toxicology

Immunotoxicology

Systemic Administration of Bordetella Pertussis Enhances Pulmonary Sensitization to House Dust Mite in Juvenile Rats

Wumin Dong 1, MaryJane K. Selgrade 1, M. Ian Gilmour 1*

1 Immunotoxicology Branch, Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health & Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: gilmour.ian{at}epa.gov.


  Abstract

The incidence of allergies and asthma has increased significantly in the past few decades. The objectives of this study were to establish an allergy model in weanling rats to more closely reflect the developing immune system of children, and to determine whether systemic administration of inactivated Bordetella pertussis could enhance pulmonary and systemic immune responses to locally administered house dust mite antigen (HDM). Three-week old female Brown Norway rats were sensitized with 10 µg HDM intratracheally (I.T.) or intraperitoneally (I.P.) with or without a simultaneous injection of 108 whole killed B. pertussis organisms. Ten days later, all the rats were challenged with 5 µg HDM via the trachea. Bronchial lymph nodes and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) were collected 0, 2, and 4 days post challenge. Co-administration of pertussis and IT instillation of HDM enhanced HDM-specific lympho-proliferative responses and increased BAL levels of total protein, lactate dehydrogenase, HDM-specific IgE and IgG antibody and the number of eosinophils in BAL to the same extent as occurred in the systemically immunized animals. The data show that intra-tracheal instillation of HDM induces a mild allergic sensitization in juvenile rats, and that I.P. injection with B. pertussis enhances this sensitization process to levels seen in animals injected with antigen and B pertussis together. These results suggest that simultaneous exposure to Th2-inducing vaccine components and allergenic proteins may be a risk factor for allergic sensitization and the development of asthma in susceptible individuals.

pertussis, dust mite, allergy, IgE, lymphocyte, eosinophil, vaccine, rat .


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