ToxSci Advance Access published online on April 15, 2003
Toxicological Sciences, doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfg048
Toxicological Sciences © Society of Toxicology 2003; all rights reserved
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1 School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi; ASB, HELD, NIOSH, Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: dlewis{at}cdc.gov.
The effect of exposure to diesel exhaust particulate (DEP) on Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) lung infection in mice was studied. C57B1/6J female mice were infected with BCG (2.5x104 bacteria/mouse) by intrapulmonary instillation with or without co-administration of DEP (100µg/mouse). Five weeks later, mice exposed to DEP+BCG had about four-fold higher BCG load in lungs than mice exposed only to BCG (p<0.05). DEP treatment alone had no effect on the total number of lung lymphocytes or numbers of T, B or NK cells recovered from lungs. In contrast, BCG infection significantly increased (p<0.05) recovery of all types of lymphocytes from lungs. Co-exposure to DEP+BCG further increased the recovery of lymphocytes from lungs of BCG infected mice. The pulmonary lymphocyte subpopulation expressing the greatest levels of mRNA for IFN
© 2003 Society of Toxicology
Immunotoxicology
Effect of Diesel Exhaust Particulate (DEP) on Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Lung Infection in Mice and the Attendant Changes in Lung Interstitial Lymphoid Subpopulations and IFN
response
2 Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi; ASB, HELD, NIOSH, Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV
3 ASB, HELD, NIOSH, Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV
Abstract 
after BCG infection was CD4+ T cells. Expression levels were similar in mice exposed to BCG or BCG+DEP and were elevated as compared to non-infected mice and mice treated with DEP alone. Recovery of IFN secreting lymphocytes and IFN secreting T cells was significantly higher (p<0.05) from lungs of BCG infected mice as compared to control or DEP exposed mice. BCG and BCG+DEP groups of mice did not differ significantly in the numbers of IFN secreting lymphocytes in lungs. Taken together, these results indicated that co-exposure to DEP+BCG did not significantly affect the level of IFN response of mice to BCG infection. However, DEP treatment was found to inhibit IFN induced nitric oxide production by mouse alveolar macrophages in vitro. Our results indicate that DEP exposure did not alter the IFN response to BCG infection, but reduced responsiveness of alveolar macrophages to IFN. Reduced sensitivity of DEP exposed alveolar macrophages to IFN may contribute to a greater load of BCG in the lungs of BCG infected mice given DEP.
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