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ToxSci Advance Access published online on December 30, 2005
Toxicological Sciences, doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfj085
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received October 10, 2005
Accepted December 20, 2005

Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology

Inhibition of Follicular Development, Vitellogenesis and Serum 17{beta} Estradiol Concentrations in Zebrafish Following Chronic, Sublethal Dietary Exposure to 2,3,7,8,-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

Tisha King Heiden 1, Michael J Carvan III 2, and Reinhold J Hutz 3 *

1 Marine & Freshwater Biomedical Sciences Center, University of Wisconsin- Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53204; Great Lakes WATER Institute, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53204; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211
2 Marine & Freshwater Biomedical Sciences Center, University of Wisconsin- Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53204; Great Lakes WATER Institute, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53204
3 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Reinhold J Hutz, E-mail: rjhutz{at}uwm.edu


  Abstract

The environmental toxicant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a potent endocrine disruptor with the ability to disrupt several biologic processes, including reproduction. In fish, sublethal exposure to TCDD is known to modulate overall reproductive capacity, but impacts on follicular development and vitellogenesis are unknown. Here we show that chronic, dietary exposure to 0.08, 0.32, or 0.80 ng TCDD female-1 day-1 decreased egg production by more than 50% and that spawning success was reduced by as much as 96%. Serum estradiol concentrations were decreased by more than 2-fold accounting for, in part, observed decreases in serum vitellogenin concentrations by as much as 29%. Our data suggest that decreased egg production is likely the result of TCDD-mediated inhibition of the transition from pre-vitellogenic stage to vitellogenic stage follicles, as well as the induction of follicular atresia. While the majority of reproductive toxicity of TCDD is likely due to direct impacts on the ovary, histopathologic observations suggest liver toxicity could also contribute to observed impacts on vitellogenesis. Importantly, even when overall egg production is not significantly impacted, our data show that subtle physiologic changes induced by TCDD can lead to altered gonadogenesis, suggesting that long-term exposure to very low concentrations of TCDD could greatly impact fecundity and reproductive success in fishes.

Keywords: TCDD; follicular development; estrogen and vitellogenin concentrations; zebrafish.
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