ToxSci Advance Access published online on November 8, 2006
Toxicological Sciences, doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfl162
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1 Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602; National Exposure Research Laboratory, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA 30605
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. 8-2 fluorotelomer alcohol (FTOH) and its metabolites, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), are developmental toxicants, but metabolism and distribution during pregnancy is not known. To examine this, timed-pregnant mice received a single gavage dose (30 mg 8-2 FTOH/kg BW) on gestational day (GD) 8. Maternal and neonatal serum and liver as well as fetal and neonatal homogenate extracts were analyzed using GC/MS. During gestation (GD9 to GD18), maternal serum and liver concentrations of PFOA decreased from 789±41 to 668±23 ng/mL and from 673±23 to 587±55 ng/g, respectively. PFOA was transferred to the developing fetuses as early as 24 hours post-treatment with concentrations increasing from 45±9 ng/g (GD10) to 140±32 ng/g (GD18), while PFNA was quantifiable only at GD18 (31±4 ng/g). Post-partum, maternal serum PFOA concentrations decreased from 451±21 ng/mL post-natal day (PND) 1 to 52±19 ng/mL (PND15) and PFNA concentrations, although 5-fold less, exhibited a similar trend. Immediately after birth, pups were cross-fostered with dams that had been treated during gestation with 8-2 FTOH (T) or vehicle (C) resulting in four treatment groups in which the first letter represents in utero (fetal) exposure and the second represents lactational (neonatal) exposure: C/C, T/C, C/T, T/T. On PND1, neonatal whole-body homogenate concentrations of PFOA from T/T and T/C groups averaged 200±26 ng/g, decreased to 149±19 ng/g at PND3 and this decreasing trend was seen in both neonatal liver and serum from PND3 to PND15. Based on detectible amounts of PFOA in neonatal serum in the C/T group on PND3 (57±11 ng/mL) and on PND15 (58±3 ng/mL), we suggest the neonates were exposed through lactation. In conclusion, exposure of neonates to PFOA and PFNA occur both pre- and post-natally following maternal 8-2 FTOH exposure on GD8.
Received August 23, 2006
Accepted November 1, 2006
Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) in Fetal and Neonatal Mice Following In Utero Exposure to 8-2 Fluorotelomer Alcohol (FTOH)
Henderson W. Matthew 1 * and Mary Alice Smith 2
2 Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602; Center for Food Safety, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
Henderson W. Matthew, E-mail: Henderson.matt{at}epa.gov
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