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ToxSci Advance Access published online on July 14, 2007
Toxicological Sciences, doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfm180
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Effects of aromatic solvents on acoustic reflexes mediated by central auditory pathways

Pierre Campo, Katy Maguin and Robert Lataye

Laboratoire de neurotoxicité, Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Avenue de Bourgogne, BP 27 Vandoeuvre, 54501 cedex, France, Tél:33 3 83 50 21 55, Fax: 33 3 83 50 20 96

Pierre.campo{at}inrs.fr

Received May 24, 2007; revision received July 2, 2007; accepted July 4, 2007


  Abstract

From previous in vivo investigations, it has been shown that toluene can mimic the effects of cholinergic receptor antagonists and may thereby modify the response of protective acoustic reflexes. The current study aimed to define the relative effects of aromatic solvents on the middle-ear and inner-ear acoustic reflexes. Toward this end, the cochlear microphonic (CMP) elicited with a band noise centered at 4-kHz and the compound action potential (CAP) elicited with 4-kHz tone pips were measured in rats. Both potentials were recorded before, during and after triggering the protective reflexes by a 110-dB SPL contralateral octave band noise centered at 12.5 kHz (12.5 kHz-OBN). In several rats, the middle-ear muscles were severed to identify the relative effects of toluene on the two reflexes. While the reflex elicitor was capable of decreasing both the CMP and CAP amplitudes, an injection of 116.2-mM toluene canceled this suppressor effect induced by the contralateral sound. In the rats with nonfunctional middle-ear muscles, a solvent injection did not modify the electrophysiological responses of the cochlea. Different solvents were tested to study the relationship of the chemical structure of the solvents on the acoustic reflexes. The present study showed that aromatic solvents can inhibit the action of the middle-ear reflex by their anticholinergic effect on the efferent motoneurons. An aromatic nucleus and the presence of one side chain of no more than 3 C seem to be required in the solvent structure to inhibit the efferent motoneurons.

Key Words: Solvents; Ototoxicity; Neurotoxicity; Auditory efferent system; Protective acoustic reflex.


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K. Maguin, P. Campo, and C. Parietti-Winkler
Toluene Can Perturb the Neuronal Voltage-Dependent Ca2+ Channels Involved in the Middle-Ear Reflex
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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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