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ToxSci Advance Access published online on May 27, 2009
Toxicological Sciences, doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfp111
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Protein Profiles in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos Exposed to PFOS

Xiongjie Shi{dagger}, Leo W. Y. Yeung{ddagger}, Paul K. S. Lam{ddagger}, Rudolf S. S. Wu{ddagger} and Bingsheng Zhou{dagger},*

{dagger} State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China {ddagger} Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, HK SAR, China

* To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Bingsheng Zhou (B. Zhou) PhD, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China

Received March 16, 2009; revision received May 4, 2009; accepted May 15, 2009


  Abstract

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is widely distributed and persistent in the environment and in wildlife, and it has the potential for developmental toxicity. However, the molecular mechanisms that lead to these toxic effects are not well-known. In the present study, proteomic analysis has been performed to investigate the proteins that are differentially expressed in zebrafish embryos exposed to 0.5 mg/L PFOS until 192 hours post-fertilization. Two-dimensional electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry was employed to detect and identify the protein profiles. The analysis revealed that 69 proteins showed altered expression in the treatment group compared to the control group with either increase or decrease in expression levels (more than 2-fold difference). Of the 69 spots corresponding to the proteins with altered expression, 38 were selected and subjected to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF/TOF) analysis; 18 proteins were identified in this analysis. These proteins can be categorized into diverse functional classes such as detoxification, energy metabolism, lipid transport/steroid metabolic process, cell structure, signal transduction, and apoptosis. Overall, proteomic analysis using zebrafish embryos serves as an in vivo model in environmental risk assessment and provides insight into the molecular events in PFOS-induced developmental toxicity.

Key Words: PFOS; Proteomics; Embryo; Mechanism; Zebrafish.


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